@Article{MoreiraVale:2014:ApEvTo,
               author = "Moreira, Eder Paulo and Valeriano, M{\'a}rcio de Morisson",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Application and evaluation of topographic correction methods to 
                         improve land cover mapping using object-based classification",
              journal = "International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and 
                         Geoinformation",
                 year = "2014",
               volume = "32",
                pages = "208--217",
             keywords = "Topographic effect, Landsat, SRTM, Classification accuracy, Land 
                         cover classification, Radiometric correction.",
             abstract = "This study applies and evaluates topographic correction methods to 
                         reduce radiometric variation dueto topography characteristics in 
                         rugged terrain. The aim of this study was to improve the 
                         capability ofsatellite images to generate more reliable land cover 
                         mapping using object-based classification. Severalsemi-empirical 
                         correction methods, which require the estimation of empirically 
                         defined parameters,were selected for this study. Usually, these 
                         parameters are estimated relying on a previous land covermap. 
                         However, in this work the correction methods were applied 
                         considering the unavailability of a pre-vious land cover map and 
                         the ease for implementation, so the main land cover type was used 
                         to estimatecorrection parameters to be applied to correct all land 
                         cover type. Landsat 5 TM image and topographicdata derived from 
                         SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) over an area located in an 
                         agriculturalregion of southeastern Brazil were used. Land cover 
                         classification was carried out using an object-basedapproach, 
                         which includes image segmentation and decision tree 
                         classification. The evaluation of topo-graphic correction methods 
                         was based on: spectral characteristics expressed by standard 
                         deviation andmean values of spectral data within land cover 
                         classes; relationship between spectral data and solar 
                         illu-mination angle on the slope (cos i); object (segment) mean 
                         size; decision tree structure; visual analysis;and classification 
                         accuracy. Results show that the standard deviation of spectral 
                         data and the correlationbetween spectral values and cos i 
                         decreased after data correction, but not for all methods for some 
                         of thetested TM bands. The methods herein referred as Cosine, S1, 
                         Ad2S and SCS methods showed to increasethe standard deviation and 
                         the correlation compared to the uncorrected data, mainly for bands 
                         1, 2 and3. Object mean size, in general, decreased after 
                         correction, except for C method. The effect on the objectsize 
                         showed to be related to a calculated standard deviation of 
                         adjacent pixels values. The decision treestructure given by the 
                         number of leaves also decreased after correction. The C, SCS + C 
                         and Minnaertmethods showed the highest performance, followed by S2 
                         and E-Stat, with a general accuracy increasearound 10%. Land cover 
                         classification from uncorrected and corrected data differed in a 
                         large portion ofthe total studied area, with values around 29% for 
                         all correction methods.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.jag.2014.04.006",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2014.04.006",
                 issn = "0303-2434",
                label = "lattes: 9558008969923427 1 MoreiraVale:2014:ApEvTo",
             language = "en",
                  url = "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243414000907#",
        urlaccessdate = "05 maio 2024"
}